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Different approaches to the social contract theory in Law and Politics.
Šimek, David ; Havel, Tomáš (advisor) ; Ondřejková, Jana (referee)
Different approaches to the social contract theory in law and politics Abstract This thesis aims to analyze individual concepts of social contract theory in works of various contractalist authors throughout history, including the 20th century. Using the method of analysis and especially diachronic comparison it tries to refute the belief that the social contract theory is only a phenomenon of the Enlightenment period of the 17th and 18th centuries, and presents the main, but also lesser known, contractalist ideas from both ancient and recent history. The thesis is, besides the introduction and conclusion, divided into five chapters and eight subchapters, some of which are also further subdivided. It follows a similar structure troughout its length, with the exception of the first (which aims to generalize the concept of social contract theory) and the fourth chapter. The second chapter is a chronologically arranged historical overview, which begins with the authors of ancient philosophy and through the Middle Ages then culminates in the early Renaissance. This is a chapter dealing with the genesis of contractualism, especially its origins in individualism, voluntarism or naturalism, as well as the concept of individual free will and the medieval phenomenon of the struggle between faith and reason, the...
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Economics of the post-sovereign state
Konečná, Petra ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Hrušová, Ivona (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut ekonomických studií Petra Konečná Ekonomie postsuverénního státu Bakalářská práce Praha 2011 Abstract In this bachelor thesis I focus on an influence of sovereignty to the economy of specific state. It defines what is understood under the term of sovereignty and describes various types of attitudes to the limitation of sovereignty. It presents historically attitudes of philosophers, thinkers and economists to this issue, focuses mainly on theories of natural law and emphasizes the conclusion of the social contract. It sets up possible division of sovereignty determined by limiting factors and it states several specific examples for illustration. In this thesis I show the necessity of perceiving economics in the context of other social sciences. I concentrate on taking advantage of position of post sovereign state by other economic participants through rent-seeking. I present new concepts of rent-seeking however some fundamental basis from classical point of view cannot be omitted without the loss of logic. At the end of this thesis I test an influence of composite indicators of governance on the rent-seeking behavior in the Czech Republic.
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Approach to the social contract theories of Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau
Petráková, Blanka ; Kysela, Jan (advisor) ; Havel, Tomáš (referee)
The diploma thesis is focused on social contract theories, as presented by the philosophers Thomas Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. My research is based on Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes, Second Treatise of Government by John Locke and Discourses and The Social Contract by Jean-Jacque Rousseau. In their respective theories, these authors present their opinions on how any state comes to life through entering into a social contract and how it should operate. The aim of my thesis is to look into their theories and using method of comparison to determine how they correspond with each other on the fundamental aspects of their ideas. These include the natural state, the act of entering into a social contract, the sovereign, sovereignty and the order of state establishment. The research suggests that although the authors agree on some points, in some cases they differ significantly. It also shows the significant influence of the environments and events experienced by the authors during their lives, on the formation of their thoughts and theories. At the very end of the thesis there is a reflection on the legitimacy of the Constitution of the Czech Republic and the contribution of the theories of appointed authors to today's society.
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Economics of the post-sovereign state
Konečná, Petra ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Hrušová, Ivona (referee)
UNIVERZITA KARLOVA V PRAZE FAKULTA SOCIÁLNÍCH VĚD Institut ekonomických studií Petra Konečná Ekonomie postsuverénního státu Bakalářská práce Praha 2011 Abstract In this bachelor thesis I focus on an influence of sovereignty to the economy of specific state. It defines what is understood under the term of sovereignty and describes various types of attitudes to the limitation of sovereignty. It presents historically attitudes of philosophers, thinkers and economists to this issue, focuses mainly on theories of natural law and emphasizes the conclusion of the social contract. It sets up possible division of sovereignty determined by limiting factors and it states several specific examples for illustration. In this thesis I show the necessity of perceiving economics in the context of other social sciences. I concentrate on taking advantage of position of post sovereign state by other economic participants through rent-seeking. I present new concepts of rent-seeking however some fundamental basis from classical point of view cannot be omitted without the loss of logic. At the end of this thesis I test an influence of composite indicators of governance on the rent-seeking behavior in the Czech Republic.
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